内容紹介
Cancer Immunotherapy Utilizing T Cell Receptor Gene Engineering
Summary
Immune-checkpoint inhibitors have shown their efficacy in the treatment of patients with many kinds of progressive/relapsed cancers. However, the efficacy remains as 10-40% of the patients in most type of cancers, suggesting that the development of new therapy for patients resistant to the therapy is an urgent unmet need. Adoptive therapy with tumor-specific T cells is a promising therapy that can be effective in patients who are not benefited from the immune-checkpoint inhibitors. The T cell therapy with genetic engineering in T cell receptor(TCR)is expected to be a universal therapy because this therapy can be applicable for patients with many kinds of cancers. This review outlines the recent clinical development of cancer immunotherapy utilizing TCR-gene engineered T cells and discusses the issues that should be improved in the near future for the safer and more effective TCR-T cell therapy of the broad range of cancer patients.
要旨
免疫チェックポイント阻害療法が近年多種類の難治性がんに驚異的な臨床効果を示すことが明らかになりつつある。しかし,多くのがん種では有効率が10～40%程度であり,免疫チェックポイント阻害療法抵抗性患者の治療法開発は喫緊の課題である。腫瘍特異的なT細胞輸注療法は,免疫チェックポイント阻害療法抵抗性患者に有効性を示し得る新規免疫療法として期待される。特にT細胞受容体遺伝子改変技術を用いて人為的に腫瘍特異性を付与したT細胞療法は,多くのがん患者に腫瘍特異的T細胞療法を実施可能にする技術である。本稿ではT細胞受容体遺伝子改変技術を用いたがん治療法の開発を概観し,今後の課題と展望を議論する。
目次
Summary
Immune-checkpoint inhibitors have shown their efficacy in the treatment of patients with many kinds of progressive/relapsed cancers. However, the efficacy remains as 10-40% of the patients in most type of cancers, suggesting that the development of new therapy for patients resistant to the therapy is an urgent unmet need. Adoptive therapy with tumor-specific T cells is a promising therapy that can be effective in patients who are not benefited from the immune-checkpoint inhibitors. The T cell therapy with genetic engineering in T cell receptor(TCR)is expected to be a universal therapy because this therapy can be applicable for patients with many kinds of cancers. This review outlines the recent clinical development of cancer immunotherapy utilizing TCR-gene engineered T cells and discusses the issues that should be improved in the near future for the safer and more effective TCR-T cell therapy of the broad range of cancer patients.
要旨
免疫チェックポイント阻害療法が近年多種類の難治性がんに驚異的な臨床効果を示すことが明らかになりつつある。しかし,多くのがん種では有効率が10～40%程度であり,免疫チェックポイント阻害療法抵抗性患者の治療法開発は喫緊の課題である。腫瘍特異的なT細胞輸注療法は,免疫チェックポイント阻害療法抵抗性患者に有効性を示し得る新規免疫療法として期待される。特にT細胞受容体遺伝子改変技術を用いて人為的に腫瘍特異性を付与したT細胞療法は,多くのがん患者に腫瘍特異的T細胞療法を実施可能にする技術である。本稿ではT細胞受容体遺伝子改変技術を用いたがん治療法の開発を概観し,今後の課題と展望を議論する。