内容紹介
Summary
Brain metastasis(BM)is the final stage of metastatic breast cancer(MBC), but its course and outcomes after the first metastasis(FM)to various sites are not fully clarified. Furthermore, the survival of patients with BM appears to be improving with the recent development in MBC control according to the subtype analysis. The present study included 35 patients with BM between 2008 and 2018, and was designed to clarify the effects of the FM sites and subtypes on the outcome of these patients. Subtypes included 8 Luminal(L), 8 L—HER2+(LH), 8 HER2(H), and 11 triple—negative(TN)types, and FM sites included 14 lungs or pleurae, 4 livers, 4 brains, 4 bones, and 9 local or lymph node(LN)metastases. The median interval between FM and BM(IFB)was 33 months(M)for overall patients;50M for LH, 37M for L, 22M for H, and 19M for TN(p=0.0463);and 24M for the high risk(HR)FM(lung, pleura, liver)and 47M for the low risk(LR)FM group(bone, local, LN)(p=0.0385). The median overall survival(OS)after BM diagnosis was 13M for overall patients;27M for LH, 13M for H, 10M for L, and 5M for TN(p=0.0112). There were no significant differences in the OS after BM diagnosis between HR FM and LR FM patients. Multivariate analyses for OS after BM revealed that patients with HER2(+)and estrogen receptor(+)tumors had a significantly better survival(risk ratio[RR]=0.644, p=0.0413;RR=0.290, p=0.0251, respectively). Three patients are surviving longer than 10 years after BM, including 2 with L—type and 1 with LH—type tumors, and their FM sites were 1 local, 1 brain, and 1 liver. The present study indicated that subtypes and FM site(HR or LR)had significant impact on the clinical course and prognosis of patients with BM. Focusing on the subtypes and FM site can improve the early detection and treatment results of BM.
要旨
乳癌の脳転移(brain metastasis:BM)の予後は極めて不良で,その病態解明と治療は重要課題である。今回,初発転移再発(first metastasis:FM)部位とsubtype別にBMの経過と転帰を解析した。対象は,2008年4月~2018年12月のBM 35例で,BM発症時の平均年齢は51.1歳で,FMからBMに至る経過および転帰を解析した。初回手術術式は乳房温存26例,切除9例,pathological TNM Stageは0期1例,Ⅰ期4例,Ⅱ期12例,Ⅲ期12例,Ⅳ期6例,subtypeはLuminal(L)8例,L—HER2+(LH)8例,HER2+(H)8例,triple—negative(TN)11例であった。FM部位は,肺・胸膜14例,肝4例,脳4例,骨4例,局所・リンパ節(LN)9例であった。初回手術後からFMまでの無再発生存期間(relapse—free interval:RFI)中央値は全例21か月(months:M)で,FM部位が脳の場合のRFI中央値は19Mで,他部位の20~36Mと差がなかった。FMからBMまでの期間(interval between FM and BM:IFB)中央値は全例45Mで,L 87M>LH 65M>H 36M>TN 32Mで,TNとHが短かった(p=0.0201)。FM部位が生命危険度high risk(HR)群(n=22)(肺,胸膜,肝)のBM発症までの期間中央値は24Mで,low risk群(LR)(n=13)(骨,局所,LN)の47Mよりも有意に短かった(p=0.0385)。BM後全生存期間(overall survival:OS)中央値は全例13Mで,LH 27M>H 13M>L 10M>TN 5Mと,TNの予後が不良であったが(p=0.0112),FM部位別では差がなかった。BM後10年以上生存例が3例で,LH 1例,L 2例で,FM部位は局所1例,脳1例,肝1例で,2例が健存であった。BM後OSに関する多変量解析では,ER(+)[risk ratio(RR)=0.290,p=0.0251]とHER2(+)(RR=0.644,p=0.0413)が有意の予後良好変数で,BM個数が有意の予後不良変数(RR=1.463,p=0.0079)であった。HR,LR群ともに2年以内の早期転移再発例ではBMへ進展する可能性が高く,特にHR群の肺,胸膜,肝への転移再発は早期にBMを発症した。subtypeのうちTNがBMまでの期間が短く,予後も不良であった。BMの予後は不良であるが治療が奏効し10年以上生存例もあり,早期発見,早期治療が重要である。特にHR転移では,早期BMの可能性を念頭に置いて診療に当たる必要がある。
目次
Brain metastasis(BM)is the final stage of metastatic breast cancer(MBC), but its course and outcomes after the first metastasis(FM)to various sites are not fully clarified. Furthermore, the survival of patients with BM appears to be improving with the recent development in MBC control according to the subtype analysis. The present study included 35 patients with BM between 2008 and 2018, and was designed to clarify the effects of the FM sites and subtypes on the outcome of these patients. Subtypes included 8 Luminal(L), 8 L—HER2+(LH), 8 HER2(H), and 11 triple—negative(TN)types, and FM sites included 14 lungs or pleurae, 4 livers, 4 brains, 4 bones, and 9 local or lymph node(LN)metastases. The median interval between FM and BM(IFB)was 33 months(M)for overall patients;50M for LH, 37M for L, 22M for H, and 19M for TN(p=0.0463);and 24M for the high risk(HR)FM(lung, pleura, liver)and 47M for the low risk(LR)FM group(bone, local, LN)(p=0.0385). The median overall survival(OS)after BM diagnosis was 13M for overall patients;27M for LH, 13M for H, 10M for L, and 5M for TN(p=0.0112). There were no significant differences in the OS after BM diagnosis between HR FM and LR FM patients. Multivariate analyses for OS after BM revealed that patients with HER2(+)and estrogen receptor(+)tumors had a significantly better survival(risk ratio[RR]=0.644, p=0.0413;RR=0.290, p=0.0251, respectively). Three patients are surviving longer than 10 years after BM, including 2 with L—type and 1 with LH—type tumors, and their FM sites were 1 local, 1 brain, and 1 liver. The present study indicated that subtypes and FM site(HR or LR)had significant impact on the clinical course and prognosis of patients with BM. Focusing on the subtypes and FM site can improve the early detection and treatment results of BM.
要旨
乳癌の脳転移(brain metastasis:BM)の予後は極めて不良で,その病態解明と治療は重要課題である。今回,初発転移再発(first metastasis:FM)部位とsubtype別にBMの経過と転帰を解析した。対象は,2008年4月~2018年12月のBM 35例で,BM発症時の平均年齢は51.1歳で,FMからBMに至る経過および転帰を解析した。初回手術術式は乳房温存26例,切除9例,pathological TNM Stageは0期1例,Ⅰ期4例,Ⅱ期12例,Ⅲ期12例,Ⅳ期6例,subtypeはLuminal(L)8例,L—HER2+(LH)8例,HER2+(H)8例,triple—negative(TN)11例であった。FM部位は,肺・胸膜14例,肝4例,脳4例,骨4例,局所・リンパ節(LN)9例であった。初回手術後からFMまでの無再発生存期間(relapse—free interval:RFI)中央値は全例21か月(months:M)で,FM部位が脳の場合のRFI中央値は19Mで,他部位の20~36Mと差がなかった。FMからBMまでの期間(interval between FM and BM:IFB)中央値は全例45Mで,L 87M>LH 65M>H 36M>TN 32Mで,TNとHが短かった(p=0.0201)。FM部位が生命危険度high risk(HR)群(n=22)(肺,胸膜,肝)のBM発症までの期間中央値は24Mで,low risk群(LR)(n=13)(骨,局所,LN)の47Mよりも有意に短かった(p=0.0385)。BM後全生存期間(overall survival:OS)中央値は全例13Mで,LH 27M>H 13M>L 10M>TN 5Mと,TNの予後が不良であったが(p=0.0112),FM部位別では差がなかった。BM後10年以上生存例が3例で,LH 1例,L 2例で,FM部位は局所1例,脳1例,肝1例で,2例が健存であった。BM後OSに関する多変量解析では,ER(+)[risk ratio(RR)=0.290,p=0.0251]とHER2(+)(RR=0.644,p=0.0413)が有意の予後良好変数で,BM個数が有意の予後不良変数(RR=1.463,p=0.0079)であった。HR,LR群ともに2年以内の早期転移再発例ではBMへ進展する可能性が高く,特にHR群の肺,胸膜,肝への転移再発は早期にBMを発症した。subtypeのうちTNがBMまでの期間が短く,予後も不良であった。BMの予後は不良であるが治療が奏効し10年以上生存例もあり,早期発見,早期治療が重要である。特にHR転移では,早期BMの可能性を念頭に置いて診療に当たる必要がある。